Ukukhutshwa kweX-reyi ngee-elektroni zasimahla ezithintela imathiriyeli yevan der Waals.Ityala: Technion-Israel Institute of Technology
Abaphandi bobuchwephesha baye bavelisa imithombo yemitha echanekileyo elindeleke ukuba ikhokelele kwimpumelelo kwimifanekiso yezonyango nakwezinye iindawo.Baye bavelisa imithombo yemitha echanekileyo enokuthi ithabathel’ indawo izixhobo ezibiza imali eninzi nezinzima ngoku ezisetyenziselwa loo misebenzi.Isixhobo esicetyiswayo sivelisa ukusasazeka kwemitha elawulwayo kunye nobubanzi obumxinwa obunokulungiswa ngesisombululo esiphezulu, kutyalo-mali lwamandla aphantsi ngokwentelekiso.Iziphumo zinokuthi zikhokelela ekuphumeleleni kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukuhlalutya kweekhemikhali kunye nezixhobo zebhayoloji, umfanekiso wezonyango, izixhobo ze-X-ray zokuhlola ukhuseleko, kunye nokunye ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo echanekileyo ye-X-ray.

Ipapashwe kwijenali ye-Nature Photonics, isifundo sasikhokelwa nguNjingalwazi u-Ido Kaminer kunye nomfundi wenkosi yakhe uMichael Shentcis njengenxalenye yentsebenziswano kunye namaziko ophando amaninzi kwiTechnion: i-Andrew kunye no-Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical Engineering, i-Solid State Institute, i Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute (RBNI), kunye ne-Helen Diller Centre ye-Quantum Science, Matter and Engineering.

Iphepha labaphandi libonisa uqwalaselo lovavanyo olubonelela ngobungqina bokuqala beemodeli zethiyori eziphuhliswe kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo kuthotho lwamanqaku amiselweyo.Inqaku lokuqala ngalo mbandela likwavele kwiNature Photonics.Ibhalwe nguProf. Kaminer ngexesha le-postdoc yakhe e-MIT, phantsi kweliso likaProf Marin Soljacic kunye noProf. John Joannopoulos, elo phepha labonisa ngokwethiyori ukuba izinto ezinomacala amabini zinokwenza njani iiX-reyi.Ngokutsho kukaProf. Kaminer, “elo nqaku laphawula isiqalo sohambo olusinge kwimithombo yemitha esekelwe kwifiziksi ekhethekileyo yezinto ezinomacala amabini kunye nendibaniselwano yazo eyahlukahlukeneyo—i-heterostructures.Sakhelwe kwimpumelelo yethiyori ukusuka kweli nqaku ukuphuhlisa uthotho lwamanqaku alandelayo, kwaye ngoku, sonwabile ukubhengeza uqwalaselo lokuqala lovavanyo ekudalweni kwemitha ye-X-ray evela kwizinto ezinjalo, ngelixa silawula ngokuchanekileyo iiparamitha zemitha. .”

Iimathiriyeli ezimacala mabini zizinto ezenziweyo ezizodwa ezathatha uluntu lwezenzululwazi ngoqhwithela kunyaka ka-2004 ngophuhliso lwegraphene ngoosonzululwazi befiziksi u-Andre Geim noKonstantin Novoselov, owathi kamva waphumelela ibhaso leNobel kwiFiziksi ngo-2010. Ubukhulu beathom enye eyenziwe ngeeathom zekhabhoni.Izakhiwo zokuqala zegraphene zenziwe ngabawonga bakaNobel ababini ngokuxobula iileya ezicekethekileyo zegraphite, “izinto zokubhala” zepensile, kusetyenziswa iteyiphu yokuqhagamshela.Izazinzulu ezimbini kunye nabaphandi abalandelayo bafumanisa ukuba igraphene ineempawu ezikhethekileyo kunye nezimangalisayo ezahlukileyo kwiipropathi zegraphite: amandla amakhulu, ukukhanya okucacileyo, ukuhanjiswa kombane, kunye nokukwazi ukuhambisa ukukhanya okuvumela ukuphuma kwemitha-inkalo ehambelana nenqaku langoku.Ezi mpawu zikhethekileyo zenza igraphene kunye nezinye izinto ezine-dimensional zithembisa izizukulwana ezizayo zeekhemikhali kunye ne-biological sensors, iiseli zelanga, i-semiconductors, iimonitha, kunye nokunye.

Omnye owawongwa ngewonga leNobel ekufuneka ekhankanyiwe ngaphambi kokuba abuyele kwesi sifundo sikhoyo nguJohannes Diderik van der Waals, owaphumelela iBhaso leNobel kwiFiziksi kanye kwiminyaka elikhulu eyadlulayo, ngowe-1910. Uphando lukaProf. Kaminer.I-Graphene ikwangumzekelo wemathiriyeli ye-vdW, kodwa uphononongo olutsha ngoku lufumanisa ukuba ezinye imathiriyeli ephucukileyo ye-vdW iluncedo kakhulu ngenjongo yokuvelisa ii-X-reyi.Abaphandi beTechnion baye bavelisa izinto ezahlukeneyo ze-vdW kwaye bathumela imiqadi ye-electron ngabo kwii-angles ezithile ezikhokelela ekuphumeni kwe-X-ray ngendlela elawulwayo nechanekileyo.Ngaphaya koko, abaphandi babonise ulungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo lwe-radiation spectrum kwisisombululo esingazange sibonwe ngaphambili, besebenzisa ukuguquguquka ekuyileni iintsapho zemathiriyeli ye-vdW.

Inqaku elitsha leqela lophando liqulethe iziphumo zovavanyo kunye nethiyori entsha ehlangeneyo ibonelela ngobungqina bengqikelelo yokusetyenziswa okutsha kwezinto ezinomacala amabini njengenkqubo ebambeneyo evelisa imitha elawulwayo nechanekileyo.

"Uvavanyo kunye nethiyori esiyiphuhlisileyo ukuyicacisa yenza igalelo elibalulekileyo kufundo lwentsebenziswano yokukhanya kunye nokuvula indlela yezicelo ezahlukeneyo kumfanekiso weX-reyi (i-X-reyi yonyango, umzekelo), i-X-ray spectroscopy esetyenzisiweyo. ukubonakalisa izinto eziphathekayo, kunye nemithombo yokukhanya kwexesha elizayo kwi-X-ray, "utshilo uProf. Kaminer.